In the mineralization phase, all but 16 cDNAs had lower normalized hybridization intensity ratios as compared with the differentiation phase. We found that the relative expression of 68 of these genes was higher during differentiation than in the earlier proliferative phase. Complex probes were derived from MC3T3-E1 cells during the proliferation, differentiation, and matrix mineralization stages, and from cells grown with all- trans-retinoic acid (RA), a potent bone morphogen. Relative changes in the expression of 92 representative transcripts were determined by arrayed cDNA hybridization.
Serial analysis of gene expression was used to identify genes expressed in MC3T3-E1 cells, including known osteoblast markers, structural and matrix proteins, transcription factors, cell-cycle regulators, and housekeeping genes. The clonal osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1 undergoes time-dependent morphological changes leading to the formation of bone nodules in vitro.
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